Lay evidence refers to non-expert, firsthand observations or statements from the veteran or others who can describe a disability, event, or symptoms relevant to a VA claim. This type of evidence does not require medical training and can be submitted by the veteran, family members, friends, caregivers, or fellow service members.

Lay statements can:

• Support claims where medical records are incomplete or missing

• Help show the onset, continuity, and impact of a condition over time

• Often be used to describe pain levels, daily limitations, mental health symptoms, or observable events like an in-service injury

Note: Lay evidence cannot diagnose a condition, but it can credibly support the presence, frequency, and severity of symptoms.

• A veteran describing how their back pain affects their ability to work

• A spouse explaining changes in the veteran’s mood or behavior over time

• A fellow service member recalling a combat-related incident or injury

• A friend observing how a condition impacts the veteran’s day-to-day activities

Note: These are just a few examples. Every case is different, and lay evidence should be detailed and truthful.

• Use VA Form 21-10210 (Lay/Witness Statement)

• Clearly explain what was witnessed, how the person knows the veteran, and why their input is credible

• Be as detailed and specific as possible

• Include as part of an initial claim, appeal, or supplemental claim

• Submit with your claim or appeal via VA.gov, mail, or with help from a VA-accredited representative

At Greene & Marusak, we help veterans and their families craft strong lay statements that clearly support claims. Whether you’re filing for the first time or appealing a denial, we ensure your story is properly documented and heard by the VA.

Give us a call at (844) 483-8737